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  • 专利说明
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    • 专利摘要:
    ENGINE DRIVE SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING AN ENGINE DRIVE SYSTEM This is an exemplary engine drive system that includes a power supply, a drive circuit, a controller, a motor, and a protection circuit. The drive circuit includes at least one switching device coupled to the power supply. The motor includes a plurality of windings. The motor is coupled to the drive circuit and is driven by the drive circuit. The controller is configured to provide first switch signals to the at least one switching device of the drive circuit in a normal mode. The protection circuit is coupled to the controller and configured to generate second switch signals based, at least in part, on a fault signal in a fault mode, and provide the second switch signals to the at least one switching device of the drive circuit in order to reconstruct circuit cycles between the drive circuit and the plurality of windings. A method for operating the motor drive system is also described.
    公开号:BR102014005475B1
    申请号:R102014005475-8
    申请日:2014-03-10
    公开日:2021-04-20
    发明作者:Fei Xu；Baoming Huang；Heng Wu；Pengju Kang；Xu Chu
    申请人:General Electric Company；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [001] This disclosure, in general, refers to systems and methods for protection against engine failure. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [002] The permanent magnet motor (PM) is widely used in various fields, for example the PM motor is used in an electric vehicle (EV) system. A posterior electromotive force voltage (EMF) is produced when operating the PM motor. When the PM motor is running at a high speed, the subsequent EMF voltage will exceed the voltage on a DC link. If a controller crashes or stalls in this situation, the PM engine will run in an uncontrollable generation (UCG) mode. Appropriate protective or control actions must be taken to prevent the power supply, DC bus capacitor or power switches from being damaged.
    [003] Therefore, it is desirable to provide systems and methods to address at least one of the aforementioned problems. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [004] According to an embodiment disclosed in this document, a motor drive system is provided. The motor drive system includes a power supply, a drive circuit, a controller, a motor and a protection circuit. The drive circuit includes at least one switching device coupled to the power supply. The motor includes a plurality of windings. The motor is coupled to the drive circuit and driven by the drive circuit. The controller is configured to provide first switch signals to the at least one switching device of the drive circuit in a normal mode. The protection circuit is coupled to the controller, and configured to generate second switch signals based, at least in part, on a fault signal in a fault mode and provide the second switch signals to the at least one switching device of the circuit. in order to reconstruct circuit cycles between the driving circuit and the plurality of windings.
    [005] According to another embodiment disclosed herein, a method for operating a motor drive system is provided. The method includes providing first switch signals to a drive circuit in a normal mode. The method includes providing second switch signals to the drive circuit to reconstruct circuit cycles between the drive circuit and a motor in a failure mode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [006] These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become better understood when the following detailed description is read with reference to the accompanying drawings in which similar characters represent similar parts throughout the drawings.
    [007] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a motor drive system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [008] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a motor drive system with a DC/AC inverter in the drive circuit shown in Figure 1, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [009] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a motor drive system with a DC/DC converter and a DC/AC inverter in the drive circuit shown in Figure 1 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [010] Figure 4 illustrates circuit cycles formed in a failure mode of Figure 3, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [011] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a motor drive system with a plurality of independent DC/DC converters in the drive circuit shown in Figure 1, according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [012] Figure 6 is a control block diagram used in the control of each DC/DC converter of Figure 5 implementing a PR algorithm, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [013] Figure 7 is a goat diagram generated by a PR controller shown in Figure 6 used in the motor drive system of Figure 5, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [014] Figure 8 illustrates circuit cycles formed in the failure mode of Figure 5, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [015] Figure 9 is a flowchart of a method for operating the motor drive system of Figure 1, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [016] Figure 10 is a flowchart illustrating sub-steps of providing the second switch signals shown in Figure 9, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
    [017] Figure 11 is a flowchart illustrating substeps of providing the second switch signals shown in Figure 9, according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; and Figure 12 is a flowchart illustrating substeps of providing the second switch signals shown in Figure 9, in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. DESCRIPTION OF ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE INVENTION
    [018] In an effort to provide a reasonably concise description of these achievements, not all features of an actual deployment are described in one or more specific achievements. At least defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the fields to which this disclosure belongs. The terms "first", "second", "third" and the like, as used herein, do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Furthermore, the terms “one” and “one” do not denote a quantity limitation, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the items referred to. The term “or” is intended to be inclusive and mean either any, several or all of the items listed. The use of "which includes", "which comprises" or "which has", and variations thereof in this document is intended to cover the items listed below and equivalents thereof as well as additional items. The term “coupled” is used to describe electrical connections or couplings, which can be either direct or indirect. The term "circuit" can include either a single component or a plurality of components, which are either active and/or passive components and may optionally be coupled or otherwise coupled together to provide the described function.
    [019] As used herein, the terms “may” and “may be” indicate a possibility of an occurrence within a set of circumstances; a possession of a specified property, feature, or function; and/or qualify another verb by expressing one or more of an ability, ability, or possibility associated with the qualified verb. Thus, the use of "may" and "may be" indicate that a modified term is apparently appropriate, capable or suitable for a stated capacity, function or use while taking into account that in some circumstances, the modified term may, at sometimes not being appropriate, capable, or adequate. For example, in some circumstances an event or capability may be expected, while in other circumstances the event or capability may not occur. This distinction is captured by the terms “may” and “may be”.
    [020] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a motor drive system 10 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. The motor drive system 10 includes a power supply 11, a drive circuit 17, a motor 19, a controller 21 and a protection circuit 23.
    [021] Power supply 11 may include a DC power supply or an AC power supply to provide electrical power. In some embodiments, motor 19 includes a permanent magnet (PM) motor with a plurality of windings. In some embodiments, the motor 19 includes other types of motor such as an induction motor (IM).
    [022] In the illustrated embodiment, the drive circuit 17 is coupled between the power supply 11 and the motor 19. The drive circuit 17 includes at least one of the switching devices 18 that are arranged to constitute certain architectures. The drive circuit 17 is configured to convert the electrical power supplied by the power supply 11 into an appropriate electrical power to supply the motor 19. The at least one switching device 18 in the drive circuit 17 has the ability to be activated or deactivated in order to control an engine speed.
    [023] In the illustrated embodiments, a switch driver (not shown) is an internal component integrated with switching device 18. In other embodiments, the switch driver is an external component coupled to switching device 18. The switch driver is configured to trigger the switching device 18.
    [024] Non-limiting examples of switching device 18 may include a metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) and any other suitable device.
    [025] The controller 21 is in electrical communication with at least one of the power supply 11, the drive circuit 17 and the motor 19 to provide control signals. In some embodiments, controller 21 may include any suitable programmable device or circuit, such as a digital signal processor (DSP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic controller (PLC) and an integrated circuit. specific application (ASIC). In some embodiments, controller 21 may be implemented in the form of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. In one embodiment, controller 21 is configured to generate first switch 22 signals and a fault 24 signal.
    [026] Motor speed is regulated by operating the drive circuit 17 according to first switch 22 signals provided by controller 21 in a normal mode. When motor drive system 10 fails in a failure mode, damage can be brought to power supply 11, drive circuit 17 and/or motor 19. For example, when motor speed is greater than an upper threshold speed, one or more components in the motor drive system 10 may be damaged due to the large voltage/current and/or high temperature caused by operating the motor 19 under an overspeed condition. Therefore, the protection circuit 23 is proposed in this embodiment to operate the motor 19 in a safe manner.
    [027] In normal mode, the fault signal 24 is invalid which indicates that no fault occurs in the motor drive system 10. The protection circuit 23 receives the invalid fault signal 24 and acts as a conductor to allow the first switch signals 22 to be supplied to the at least one switching device 18 of the drive circuit 17 directly. The first switch signals 22 are used to activate or deactivate the at least one switching device 18 of the drive circuit 17 in order to control the motor speed.
    [028] In fault mode, fault signal 24 is valid which indicates that at least one fault occurs in motor drive system 10. The fault may include an over-speed condition, an over-current condition, a overvoltage condition or any other abnormal condition that could cause motor 19 to lose control.
    [029] Protection circuit 23 receives valid fault signal 24 and is enabled. The protection circuit 23 is configured to block the first switch 22 signals and generate second switch 26 signals. The second switch 26 signals are provided to the at least one switching device 18 of the drive circuit 17. The second switch signals 26 are used to reconstruct circuit cycles between drive circuit 17 and motor windings 19. In some embodiments, circuit cycles are specifically reconstructed in such a way that one or more short circuits are formed so that overvoltage problems, overcurrent and/or high temperature caused by overspeed fault can be mitigated. Then, the engine drive system 10 can reset from failure mode to normal mode.
    [030] More specifically, when the motor speed reduces to a value that is less than the threshold value, the first switch signals 22 will pass through the protection circuit 23 to the drive circuit 17 and will drive the at least one device switch 18. In some embodiments, motor 19 can be safely stopped in accordance with first signals from switch 22.
    [031] Protection circuit 23 may be implemented in the form of hardware, software or a combination of hardware and software. In some embodiments, protection circuit 23 is an independent circuit coupled to controller 21. In some embodiments, protection circuit 23 is an internal module of controller 21. The shapes of the second switch signals 26 are based, at least in part. , in drive circuit 17 architectures. Specific details of how the first switch 22 signals and the second switch 26 signals are generated will be discussed below.
    [032] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a motor drive system with a DC/AC inverter in the drive circuit of Figure 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In the embodiment of Figure 2, the engine drive system 100 includes a battery 111, the drive circuit 17, a PM engine 191, the controller 21, and the protection circuit 23.
    [033] In the illustrated embodiment, the battery 111 is used as the power source 11. In other embodiments, flywheels, ultracapacitors and fuel cells can be used as the power source 11. The battery 111 is coupled to the drive circuit 17 via a high voltage terminal 112 and a low voltage terminal 114. The PM 191 engine is used as the engine 19. The battery 111 is used to supply power to the PM 191 engine or receive power from the PM engine 191 via drive circuit 17. In one embodiment, drive circuit 17 includes a DC/AC inverter 171, a capacitor 173, and at least one contactor 175. Capacitor 173 is coupled in parallel with battery 111.
    [034] More specifically, in this embodiment, the PM motor 191 includes a three-phase PM motor with a first winding 195, a second winding 196, and a third winding 197 coupled to a common point N.
    [035] In the illustrated embodiment, the DC/AC inverter 171 is a three-phase DC/AC inverter that includes three bridge legs and each bridge leg includes two switching devices. The DC/AC inverter 171 is configured to convert DC electrical power supplied from the battery 111 to the three-phase AC electrical power that is supplied to the PM 191 motor. In other embodiments, the DC/AC inverter 171 may include single-phase inverters or multi-phase that are configured to supply single-phase or multi-phase AC electrical power to the PM 191 motor.
    [036] Each switching device is coupled to an anti-parallel diode. A first bridge leg includes a first switch Q1 and a second switch Q2. A second bridge leg includes a third switch Q3 and a fourth switch Q4. A third bridge leg includes a fifth Q5 switch and a sixth Q6 switch. The first, third, fifth switches Q1, Q3, and Q5 (collectively called upper switches) are commonly coupled to high voltage terminal 112. The second, fourth, sixth switches Q2, Q4, and Q6 (collectively called lower switches) are commonly coupled to low voltage terminal 114. First winding 195 is coupled to a first junction 170 between first switch Q1 and second switch Q2 on the first bridge leg. The second winding 196 is coupled to a second junction 172 between the third switch Q3 and the fourth switch Q4 on the second bridge leg. The third winding 197 is coupled to a third junction 174 between the fifth switch Q5 and the sixth switch Q6 on the third bridge leg.
    [037] The at least one contactor 175 is coupled in series between the battery 111 and the DC/AC inverter 171. The at least one contactor 175 includes a single contactor coupled to the high voltage terminal 112 shown in Figure 2. In some embodiments , the at least one contactor 175 may include a first contactor and a second contactor coupled to the high voltage terminal 112 and the low voltage terminal 114 of the battery 111 respectively. In failure mode, the at least one contactor 175 can be turned off manually or automatically to cut the electrical connection between battery 111 and PM motor 191 so that battery 111 can be protected.
    [038] In normal mode, the first 22 switch signals are generated by implementing one or more control algorithms such as PWM modulation algorithms. The first switch signals 22 are used to enable or disable the plurality of switches Q1, Q3, Q5, Q2, Q4, and Q6 so as to regulate the voltage and/or current supplied to the PM motor 191. In normal mode, the Fault 24 signal is invalid. After receiving the invalid fault signal 24, the protection circuit 23 is operated as a conductor to allow the first switch 22 signals to be supplied to the DC/AC inverter 171.
    [039] In fault mode, especially UCG mode, when motor speed of PM 191 is greater than a threshold or predetermined speed, fault signal 24 is valid. The protection circuit 23 is enabled after receiving the valid fault signal 24. The protection process is then implemented in the following procedures. The first switch 22 signals supplied from controller 21 are blocked. The second switch signals 26 are generated by the protection circuit 23. In that embodiment of Figure 2, the second switch signals 26 include a first enable signal 261, an open signal 262, and a second enable signal 263.
    [040] The first 261 enable signal is provided to a first half of the DC/AC drives. In some embodiments, the first enable signal 261 may be deployed in the form of a plurality of enable signals, each of the plurality of enable signals may be sent to each corresponding switching device. For example, in one embodiment, the first enable signal 261 is provided to upper switches Q1, Q3, and Q5 (or provided to lower switches Q2, Q4, and Q6). The first short circuit cycles are formed between Q1, Q3, and Q5 and the PM 191 motor (or between Q2, Q4, and Q6 and the PM 191 motor). That is, a commutator on each bridge leg shares a small current with the PM 191 motor.
    [041] The open signal 262 is provided to the at least one contactor 175 to cut the battery 111 from the DC/AC inverter 171. In some embodiments, the first enable signal 261 and the open signal 262 are provided substantially simultaneously the first half of switches and at least one contactor 175, respectively.
    [042] After the contactor 175 is turned off, the second activation signal 263 is provided to the other half of the switching devices. In some embodiments, the second enable signal 263 may be deployed in the form of a plurality of enable signals, each of the plurality of enable signals may be sent to each corresponding switching device. For example, the second enable signal 263 is provided to lower switches Q2, Q4, and Q6 (or upper switches Q1, Q3, and Q5). So the upper switches Q1, Q3, and Q5 and the lower switches Q2, Q4, and Q6 form second short-circuit cycles with the PM 191 motor. That is, both of the two switches on each bridge leg share the current small with the PM 191 engine.
    [043] The one or more short circuits formed with the one or more activated switches and motor windings may allow power generated due to false operation of the PM 191 motor to be consumed. As a result, the subsequent EMF voltage can be lowered. After the motor speed of PM 191 decreases to a value that is less than a threshold speed, the subsequent EMF voltage will correspondingly decrease to a safe value. In this situation, all switches on the DC/AC 171 inverter can be safely disabled.
    [044] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a motor drive system 200 with a DC/DC converter 177 and a DC/DC inverter 171 in the drive circuit 17 of Figure 1 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Comparing with the engine drive system 100 shown in Figure 2, similarly, the battery 111 is used as the power supply 11, the PM engine 191 is used as the engine 19, thus the detailed description of the battery 111 and the PM 191 engine is omitted in this document.
    [045] However, the drive circuit 17 of the motor drive system 200 employs two-stage structure to perform power conversion between the battery 111 and the PM 191 engine. More specifically, the drive circuit 17 of the drive system motor 200 includes the DC/AC inverter 171, a DC/DC converter 177, the at least one contactor 175, and the capacitor 173. In the illustrated embodiment, the DC/DC converter 177 includes a bidirectional DC/DC converter that is configured to perform power conversions. In other embodiments, the CC/DC converter 177 may include a unidirectional CC/DC converter.
    [046] In the illustrated embodiments, the CC/DC converter 177 includes a bridge H, a first inductor 179 and a second inductor 181. The bridge H includes a first upper switch S1 and a first lower switch S2 coupled in series on a leg of left bridge. Bridge H includes a second upper switch S3 and a second lower switch S4 coupled in series on a right bridge leg. Upper switches S1 and S3 are coupled to a common point 160. Lower switches S2 and S4 are commonly coupled to low voltage terminal 114. First inductor 179 is coupled between high voltage terminal 112 and a junction 176 between the first upper switch S1 and first lower switch S2. Second inductor 181 is coupled between high voltage terminal 112 and a junction 178 between second upper switch S3 and second lower switch S4.
    [047] The DC/AC inverter of this realization is similar to the DC/AC inverter 171 shown in Figure 2. Meanwhile the upper switches (Q1, Q3 and Q5) are commonly coupled to common point 160. Thus, the detailed description of the DC/AC inverter 171 is omitted in this document. Capacitor 173 is coupled between DC/DC converter 177 and DC/AC inverter 171 with one terminal coupled to common point 160 and another terminal coupled to low voltage terminal 114. The at least one contactor 175 is coupled in series between the battery 111 and the DC/DC converter 177.
    [048] In normal mode, the first switch 22 signals are generated in accordance with PWM modulation algorithms to enable or disable the plurality of switches of the DC/AC inverter 171 and the plurality of switches of the DC/DC converter 177. , the DC/DC converter 177 is controlled to convert the DC power supplied by the battery 111 into an appropriate DC power at two terminals of the capacitor 173. The DC/AC inverter 171 is controlled to convert the appropriate DC power to AC power to supply the PM 191 motor. Finally, the voltage and/or current supplied to the PM 191 motor can be regulated and the speed of the PM 191 motor can be controlled. In normal operation, the fault signal 24 is invalid indicating that no faults are occurring. After receiving the invalid fault signal 24, the protection circuit 23 is operated as a conductor to allow the first switch 22 signals to be supplied to the DC/AC inverter 171 and the DC/DC converter 177 directly.
    [049] In fault mode, especially UCG mode, when motor speed of PM 191 is greater than a predetermined speed, fault signal 24 is valid. The protection circuit 23 is enabled after receiving the valid fault signal 24. The protection process is then implemented in the following procedures. The first switch signals 22 provided from the controller 21 are prevented from being supplied to the drive circuit 17. The second switch signals 26 are generated by the protection circuit 23. In that embodiment of Figure 3, the second switch signals 26 include a disable signal 264, an open signal 262 and an enable signal 265.
    [050] Disable signal 264 is provided to all switches of the DC/AC 171 drive to make the DC/AC 171 drive behave like a full bridge rectifier. In some embodiments, the disable signal 264 may be deployed in the form of a plurality of disable signals, each of the plurality of disable signals may be sent to each corresponding switching device. Open signal 262 is provided to at least one contactor 175 to cut battery 111 from PM motor 191.
    [051] Activation signal 265 is provided to S1 and S4, or to S2 and S3 to drive the first inductor 179 and the second inductor 181. In some embodiments, the activation signal 265 may be deployed in the form of a plurality of activation signals, each of the plurality of activation signals can be sent to each corresponding switching device. Short circuit cycles can be formed between the first inductor 179, the second inductor 181, the DC/AC inverter 171, and the PM motor 191. In some embodiments, the disable signal 264, the open signal 262 and the signal of activation 265 are provided to the actuation circuit 17 substantially simultaneously.
    [052] An equivalent circuit of the motor drive system 200 of Figure 3 that operates in fault mode or UCG mode is shown in Figure 4. After the second switch 26 signals shown in Figure 3 are provided to the drive circuit 17 , the diodes (D1 to D6), the first inductor 179, the second inductor 181, the capacitor 173, and the PM motor 191 form short circuits in the motor drive system 200.
    [053] As shown in Figure 4, in UCG mode, the electrical power from the PM 191 motor can flow to the first inductor 179 and the second inductor 181. Thus, the large power produced by the high back EMF voltage can be consumed in the first inductor 179 and second inductor 181. After the motor speed of PM 191 decreases to a threshold speed, the subsequent EMF voltage will correspondingly decrease to a safe value and all switches in the DC/AC inverter 171 and the DC converter /CC 177 can be safely disabled.
    [054] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a motor drive system 300 with independent DC/DC converters in the drive circuit of Figure 1 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Comparing with the engine drive system 100 shown in Figure 2, similarly, the battery 111 is used as the power supply 11, the PM engine 191 is used as the engine 19, thus the detailed description of the battery 111 and the PM 191 engine is omitted in this document.
    [055] However, the drive circuit 17 in Figure 5 includes a first CC/DC converter 183, a second CC/DC converter 185 and a third CC/DC converter 187, and the at least one contactor 175. The first, second, second and third DC/DC converters 183, 185, 187 collectively function as a single stage converter which is configured to have the ability to convert DC power supplied from battery 111 into DC power as well as raise the voltage level of DC power.
    [056] Each of the first, second, and third DC/DC converters 183, 185, 187 is coupled to a corresponding winding of the PM motor 191. Each of the first, second, and third DC/DC converters 183, 185, 187 includes an upper switch (eg Sa1), a lower switch (eg Sa2), an inductor (eg 182), and a capacitor (eg 192). Each upper switch is coupled to a corresponding winding of the PM motor 191. The lower switches are commonly coupled to the low voltage terminal 114. Each inductor is coupled between battery 111 and a corresponding junction between each upper switch and each lower switch. Each capacitor is coupled to each upper switch and low voltage terminal 114. Using the plurality of independent DC/DC converters, each winding of the PM 191 motor can be independently controlled. The at least one contactor 175 is coupled in series between the battery 111 and the independent DC/DC converters (183, 185 and 187).
    [057] In normal mode, the first switch 22 signals are generated according to PWM modulation algorithms to enable or disable the plurality of switches (Sa1, Sa2, Sb1, Sb2, Sc1 and Sc2,) of the drive circuit 17 The voltage (phase voltage) ideally imposed on the terminals of each capacitor consists of two distinct components: a DC bias component (the same for each phase) and an AC component. The AC component for each phase has the same amplitude and each AC component includes a 120 degree shift from AC components on other phases. The voltage at the terminals of each capacitor can be expressed according to the following equations:

    [058] Where VphA, VphB , and Vphc refer to the voltage across capacitors 192, 194, and 196 respectively. Vbias refers to the DC bias voltage. Vm refers to the amplitude of the AC component. Controller 21 is configured to generate first switch signals 22 to provide independent DC/DC converters 183, 185 and 187 to track a corresponding reference so as to obtain VphA, VphB and Vph c respectively. That is, the reference of each DC/DC converter has a 120 degree shift. The reference can be a dc value or an ac value. When Vm is less than Vbias, the references are DC voltage. Otherwise references are AC voltage.
    [059] So, the emission line-line voltage can be obtained according to the following equations:

    [060] Where VAB, VBc and VcA refer to the voltage between lines A and B, lines B and C, and lines C and A respectively. Thus, the first, second and third of the DC/DC converters 183, 185 and 187 can be used to convert the DC power supplied by battery 111 into AC power to supply the PM engine 191 independently. Finally, the voltage and/or current supplied to the PM 191 motor can be regulated and the speed of the PM 191 motor is in control. In normal mode, fault signal 24 is invalid. After receiving the invalid fault signal 24, the protection circuit 23 is operated as a conductor to allow the first switch 22 signals to be directly supplied to the plurality of independent DC/DC converters.
    [061] Figure 6 is a control block diagram 500 used in the control of each DC/DC converter of Figure 5 implementing a PR algorithm according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. The control method is used on each phase drive module. For example, a first phase drive module is composed of battery 111, DC/DC converter 183, and first winding 195. Some sensors are used to measure a voltage from capacitor 192 and a current from inductor 182, then emit a VC capacitor voltage signal 523 and an IL inductance current signal 525 respectively. The control block diagram 500 is used to allow VC 519 to track a voltage command signal VC cmid 501.
    [062] In the illustrated embodiment of Figure 6, a first difference signal 505 is generated by a subtraction of VC cmd 501 and VC 523 through a sum element 503. The first difference signal 505 is regulated through a PR 507 controller The PR algorithm can be expressed by the following transfer function:

    [063] Where Kp refers to a proportional coefficient. KR refers to a resonant coefficient. co0 refers to a resonant frequency. Then a signal generated by the PR 507 controller is used as a current command signal IL cmd 509.
    [064] A second difference signal 513 is generated by subtracting IL cmd 509 and IL 525 through a summing element 511. The second difference signal 513 is regulated through a PI controller 515. In some embodiments, the controller PI 515 can be replaced by other control algorithms. Then an output from the PI controller 515 is sent to a modulator 517 to obtain the first switch 22 signals. The first switch 22 signals are provided to the drive circuit 17 (e.g., the CC/DC converter 183).
    [065] Figure 7 is a goat diagram of the PR controller. Due to the function of the part of the PR algorithm illustrated in equation (7), the gain response of G(s) can reach an infinite value at the resonant frequency u0, and the gain has no or little attenuation except for co0. The frequency response of G(s) has a sharp decrease in co0. In this way, the PR controller can be used to increase a gain or a bandwidth of the motor drive system 300 and regulate the phase margin to ensure that the motor drive system 300 can be stably controlled by choosing an appropriate resonant frequency w0.
    [066] In fault mode, especially UCG mode, when motor speed of PM 191 is greater than a predetermined speed, fault signal 24 is valid. The protection circuit 23 is enabled after receiving the valid fault signal 24. The protection process is then implemented in the following procedures. First switch signals 22 are blocked from controller 21. Second switch signals 26 are generated by protection circuit 23. In that embodiment of Figure 5, second switch signals 26 include an enable signal 266, the open signal 262 and a disable signal 267.
    [067] The 266 enable signal is provided to each top switch of each DC/DC converter. In some embodiments, enable signal 266 may be deployed in the form of a plurality of enable signals, each of the plurality of enable signals may be sent to each corresponding switching device. Open signal 262 is provided to at least one contactor 175 to cut battery 111 from PM motor 191. Disable signal 267 is provided to each lower switch of each converter. In some embodiments, disable signal 267 may be deployed in the form of a plurality of disable signals, each of the plurality of disable signals may be sent to each corresponding switching device. Short circuit cycles can be formed between inductors 182, 184, 186 and the PM motor 191. In some embodiments, the enable signal 266, the open signal 262 and the disable signal 267 are provided to the drive circuit 17 of substantially simultaneous mode.
    [068] An equivalent circuit of the motor drive system of Figure 5 in failure mode is shown in Figure 8. After the second switch signals 26 shown in Figure 5 are provided to the drive circuit 17, inductors 182, 184, 186 and the PM motor 191 form short circuit cycles in the motor drive system 300.
    [069] In UCG mode, the electrical power of the PM 191 motor can be supplied in the 183, 185 and 187 inductors. In this way, large power produced by the high back EMF voltage can be consumed in the 183, 185 and 187 inductors. PM 191 motor speed decreases to a value that is less than a threshold speed, the subsequent EMF voltage will decrease correspondingly to a safe value, and all switches can be safely deactivated.
    [070] Figure 9 is a flowchart of a method for operating a motor drive system of Figure 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Combining with the motor drive system 10 of Figure 1, the method can start from block 1001. In block 1001, sensors are used to detect motor voltage, current or speed and issue a feedback signal to provide a controller 21.
    [071] A fault 24 signal is determined by comparing the feedback signal with a predetermined value. For example, when the speed sensor is used to measure engine speed, a feedback speed signal is compared to a predetermined speed. When the feedback speed signal is greater than the predetermined speed, controller 21 issues a valid fault signal 24. Otherwise, controller 21 issues an invalid fault signal 24. Valid fault signal 24 represents a mode of fault, and the invalid fault signal 24 represents a normal mode. Failure mode includes UCG mode when engine speed is too high and large back EMF voltage exists in engine 19 in particular for PM engine.
    [072] When the fault signal 24 is invalid, that is, the motor drive system 10 is operated in normal mode, the process goes to block 1003. At block 1003, the first switch 22 signals provided by controller 21 are sent to the drive circuit 17. A protection circuit 23 is operated as a conductor to allow the first switch 22 signals to be supplied to the drive circuit 17 directly. Then, the motor speed can be controlled by regulating the voltage and/or current supplied to the motor 19 by activating or deactivating the at least one switching device 18 of the drive circuit 17. The first switch signals 22 are generated from according to a plurality of architectures of the drive circuit 17.
    [073] When the fault signal is valid, that is, the motor drive system 10 is operated in fault mode, the process goes to block 1005. In block 1005, the protection circuit 23 is enabled after receiving the valid fault signal 24 and the first switch signals 22 produced by controller 21 are blocked. Then, the process goes to block 1007, at block 1007, the second switch signals 26 generated by protection circuit 23 are provided to drive circuit 17 to reconstruct circuit cycles between drive circuit 17 and motor windings 19. Second switch signals 26 are generated in accordance with the plurality of drive circuit architectures 17.
    [074] Figure 10 is a flowchart illustrating substeps of providing second switch signals shown in Figure 9 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Combining with the motor drive system 100 shown in Figure 2, the method for operating the motor drive system 100 with the second switch signals 26 includes the following procedures.
    [075] In block 1101, a first enable signal 261 is provided to the upper switches or lower switches of a DC/AC converter 171 to form first short circuit cycles between the upper switches or lower switches and the PM motor windings 191. At block 1103, an open signal 262 is provided to at least one contactor 175 to cut a battery 111 of the PM engine 191. In some embodiments, the steps of block 1101 and block 1103 are deployed at substantially the same time.
    [076] At block 1105, a second enable signal 263 is provided to the lower switches or upper switches of the DC/AC converter 171 to form second short circuit cycles between the lower switches or upper switches and the PM motor windings 191 Then, the power stored in the PM 191 motor can be consumed in the first and second short-circuit cycles, and the PM 191 motor can be safely stopped with a decreased motor speed and a subsequent EMF voltage decreased by corresponding mode.
    [077] Figure 11 is a flowchart illustrating substeps of providing the second switch signals shown in Figure 9 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In combination with the motor drive system 200 shown in Figure 3, the method for operating the motor drive system 200 with the second switch signals 26 includes the following procedures.
    [078] At block 1201, a disable signal 264 is provided to the DC/AC drive 171 switches to make the DC/AC drive 171 behave like a full bridge rectifier. At block 1203, open signal 262 is provided to at least one contactor 175 for cutting a battery 111 of PM engine 191. At block 1205, an enable signal 265 is provided to both of a first upper switch S1 and a second switch lower switch S4 or both of a second upper switch S3 and a first lower switch S2 for driving a first inductor 179 and a second inductor 181.
    [079] In some embodiments, the step of block 1201, block 1203 and block 1205 are deployed substantially at the same time. Short circuits are formed between the first inductor 179, the second inductor 181 and the motor of PM 191. The motor of PM 191 can be safely stopped with a decreased motor speed and a subsequent EMF voltage decreased accordingly. corresponding.
    [080] Figure 12 is a flowchart illustrating sub-steps of providing the second switch signals shown in Figure 9, according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Combining with the motor drive system 300 shown in Figure 5, the method for operating the motor drive system 300 with the second switch signals 26 includes the following procedures.
    [081] In block 1301, enable signal 266 is provided to each upper switch of each DC/DC converter. At block 1303, open signal 262 is provided to at least one contactor 175 to cut a battery 111 of PM motor 191. At block 1305, disable signal 267 is provided to each lower switch of each DC/DC converter to enable that upper switches and inductors form short-circuit loops with PM 191 motor windings.
    [082] In some embodiments, the steps of block 1301, block 1303 and block 1305 are deployed at substantially the same time. The PM 191 motor can be safely stopped with a decreased motor speed and a correspondingly decreased subsequent EMF voltage.
    [083] It should be understood that a subject matter expert will recognize the interchangeability of various features from different realizations and that the various features described, as well as other known equivalents for each resource, can be mixed and matched by a subject matter expert to build additional systems and techniques in accordance with the principles of this disclosure. It is, therefore, to be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changes as are within the scope of the invention.
    [084] Additionally, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention can be incorporated in other specific forms without depending on the core or essential characteristics of the same. Thus, the disclosures and descriptions herein are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the scope of the invention which is set forth in the following claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [0001]
    1. ENGINE DRIVE SYSTEM (10), comprising: - a power supply (11); - a drive circuit (17) coupled to the power supply (11), the drive circuit (17) comprising at least one switching device (18) and a DC/AC inverter (171) comprising a plurality of legs bridge, each bridge leg including an upper switch and a lower switch, the plurality of upper switches being commonly coupled to a high voltage terminal (112) of the power supply (11), the plurality of lower switches being commonly coupled to a low voltage terminal (114) of the power supply (11), and a mating junction (176, 178) between the upper switch and the lower switch being coupled to a corresponding winding of the motor; the drive circuit (17) further comprising: a DC/DC converter (183, 185, 187) comprising an H bridge, a first inductor (179) and a second inductor (181), wherein the H bridge comprises a first an upper switch (S1) and a first lower switch (S2) coupled in series on a left bridge leg and a second upper switch (S3) and a second lower switch (S4) in series on a right bridge leg; the first inductor (179) being coupled between the high voltage terminal (112) of the power supply (11) and the junction (176) between the first upper switch (S1) and the first lower switch (S2); and the second inductor (181) being coupled between the high voltage terminal (112) of the power supply (11) and the junction (178) between the second upper switch (S3) and the second lower switch (S4); - a motor (19) coupled to the drive circuit (17), the motor (19) comprising a plurality of windings and is driven by the drive circuit (17); - a controller (21) configured to supply first switch signals (22) to the at least one switching device (18) of the drive circuit (17) in a normal mode; and - a protection circuit (23) coupled to the controller (21), configured to generate second switch signals (26) based, at least in part, on a fault signal in a fault mode and provide the second signals of switch to the at least one switching device (18) of the drive circuit (17) in order to reconstruct circuit cycles between the drive circuit (17) and the plurality of windings, characterized in that, in failure mode, the first signals switches (22) provided by the controller (21) are blocked; and the second switch signals (26) generated by the protection circuit (23) comprise a disable signal (267), an open signal (262) and an enable signal (266), wherein the disable signal (267) be supplied for DC/AC inverter switches (171); the open signal (262) is provided to at least one contactor (175); and the enable signal (266) is provided to either of the first upper switch (S1) and the second lower switch (S4) or both of the second upper switch (S3) and the first lower switch (S2) of the bridge H to drive the first inductor (179) and the second inductor (181) with the motor windings (19).
    [0002]
    2. MOTOR DRIVE SYSTEM (10), according to claim 1, characterized in that the motor (19) comprises a permanent magnet motor (191), the failure mode comprising an uncontrollable generation mode. second switch signals (26) provided by the protection circuit (23) are used to decrease a motor (19) kickback electromotive force voltage.
    [0003]
    3. ENGINE DRIVE SYSTEM (10), according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the fault signal is valid when an engine speed (19) is greater than a predetermined speed.
    [0004]
    4. MOTOR DRIVE SYSTEM (10), according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the motor drive system comprises at least one contactor (175) coupled in series to the power supply (11), wherein a valid fault signal is received by the protection circuit (23), wherein - the first switch signals (22) provided by the controller (21) are blocked; and - the second switch signals (26) produced by the protection circuit (23) comprise a first activation signal, a second activation signal and an open signal, wherein - the first activation signal is provided to the upper switches, being what circuit loops are formed between the upper switches and the motor (19); - the open signal is supplied to the at least one contactor (175) to cut the power supply (11) of the motor (19); and - the second activation signal is provided to the lower switches, the circuit cycles being formed between the lower switches and the motor (19).
    [0005]
    5. MOTOR DRIVE SYSTEM (10), according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the motor drive system comprises at least one contactor (175) coupled in series to the power supply (11), wherein a valid fault signal is received by the protection circuit (23), wherein - the first switch signals (22) provided by the controller (21) are blocked; and - the second switch signals (26) produced by the protection circuit (23) comprise a first enable signal, a second enable signal and an open signal, wherein - the first enable signal is provided to the lower switches, being what circuit loops are formed between the lower switches and the motor (19); - the open signal being supplied to the at least one contactor to cut the power supply of the permanent magnet motor (191); and - the second activation signal is provided to the upper switches, the circuit cycles being formed between the upper switches and the motor (19).
    [0006]
    6. ENGINE DRIVE SYSTEM (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the drive circuit (17) comprises a plurality of independent DC/DC converters (183, 185, 187) coupled to the windings of the motor (19), respectively, each DC/DC converter (183, 185, 187) comprising an upper switch, a lower switch, an inductor and a capacitor, each upper switch being coupled to a corresponding motor winding ( 19), wherein the lower switches are commonly coupled to a low voltage terminal (114) of the power supply (11), each inductor being coupled between the power supply (11) and a corresponding junction (176, 178 ) between each upper switch and each lower switch, each capacitor (192) being coupled to each upper switch and the low voltage terminal (114).
    [0007]
    7. MOTOR DRIVE SYSTEM (10), according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the motor drive system comprises at least one contactor (175) coupled in series to the power supply (11), wherein a valid fault signal is received by the protection circuit (23), wherein - the first switch signals (22) provided by the controller (21) are blocked; and - the second switch signals (23) produced by the protection circuit (23) comprise an enable signal, an open signal and a disable signal, wherein - the enable signal is provided to each upper switch of each DC converter /CC (183, 185, 187); - the open signal is supplied to the at least one contactor (175) to cut off the power supply (11); and - the disable signal is provided to each lower switch of each DC/DC converter (183, 185, 187).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    JP2014180197A|2014-09-25|
    EP2779416A2|2014-09-17|
    BR102014005475A2|2015-12-01|
    JP6285223B2|2018-02-28|
    BR102014005475A8|2016-01-12|
    US9742345B2|2017-08-22|
    US20140265979A1|2014-09-18|
    EP2779416A3|2018-01-10|
    CN104052373A|2014-09-17|
    CN104052373B|2017-04-12|
    US9438144B2|2016-09-06|
    US20160344329A1|2016-11-24|
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    法律状态:
    2015-12-01| B03A| Publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention [chapter 3.1 patent gazette]|
    2016-01-12| B03H| Publication of an application: rectification [chapter 3.8 patent gazette]|Free format text: REFERENTE A RPI 2343 DE 01/12/2015, QUANTO AO ITEM (30). |
    2018-11-13| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2020-02-04| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-12-22| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-02-09| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-04-20| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 10/03/2014, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CN201310082173.8A|CN104052373B|2013-03-14|2013-03-14|motor fault protection system and method|
    CN201310082173.8|2013-03-14|
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